How To Make Crack Cocaine Cookie
Crack is produced by dissolving powdered cocaine in a mixture of water and ammonia or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). The mixture is boiled until a solid substance forms. The solid is removed from the liquid, dried, and then broken into the chunks (rocks) that are sold as crack cocaine.
How To Make Crack Cocaine Cookie
Individuals of all ages use crack cocaine--data reported in the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse indicate that an estimated 6,222,000 U.S. residents aged 12 and older used crack at least once in their lifetime. The survey also revealed that hundreds of thousands of teenagers and young adults use crack cocaine--150,000 individuals aged 12 to 17 and 1,003,000 individuals aged 18 to 25 used the drug at least once.
Recipes for crack cocaine are readily available online, and it's a relatively simple task to convert cocaine into crack. You only need a few household chemicals and basic chemistry knowledge [sources: Erowid, National Geographic].
Crack rocks are white or tan in color and typically range in size from 0.1 to 0.5 grams. According to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), crack rocks contain between 80 percent and 100 percent pure cocaine [source: LaVille].
Cocaine is usually smuggled into the United States across the Mexican border, often vehicles modified for maximum concealment, or even via underground tunnels, or off the coast, in small submarines. It arrives in the country in powder form and is converted to crack by the wholesaler or retailer (gangs make up most of the retail market in the United States) [source: Nixon].
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Investigators believe the couple was actively making powder cocaine into crack cocaine at the time of their traffic stop. The suspects were identified as 41-year-old Jamie Coal and 42-year-old Christopher Coal.
Deputies returned to the home Tuesday and bought 4.37 grams of green crack. Later, a Marietta police officer stopped a van that had been at the residence and, during a search, found more rocks of green crack cocaine.
The sheriff has seen colorful cocaine before. One spring, a deputy arrested someone carrying purple crack rocks, and a few years back, deputies confiscated some that had been dyed red. It was Christmastime.
While crack cocaine seems to account for the rise in the murder rate of black youths in the 1980s, as well as more moderate increases in a wide range of adverse birth outcomes, the damaging social impact of crack fades a decade later. New research suggests that changes in behavior, crack markets, and the crack-using population offset the destructive impact of the drug over time. Rather than the drug use itself, the greatest social costs of crack are associated with prohibition-related violence.
Though there are many quantitative studies of social patterns in the black and Hispanic communities, few studies have considered crack cocaine because of the difficulty of measuring its impact, despite the fact that many researchers have argued that crack played a central role in adverse trends of the 1980s and 1990s.
In the past, researchers used a variety of single indicators to measure the timing and intensity of crack's presence in local areas. Cocaine-related arrests have been used as a proxy for crack, as have cocaine-related emergency room visits.
In this study, the authors take a different approach. Rather than relying on a single measure, they assemble a range of indicators likely to suggest crack use. These include cocaine arrests and cocaine-related emergency room visits (indicators used in previous research), as well as the frequency of crack cocaine mentions in newspapers, cocaine-related deaths, and the number of drug seizures and undercover drug buys by the Drug Enforcement Administration.
While there are shortcomings for each of these indicators, together these data present a compelling method for tracking fluctuations in crack use. The single crack cocaine index developed by the authors is not particularly sensitive to any one of the individual measures and corresponds well to the sociological and media accounts of the spread of crack cocaine. The measure depicts the intensity of crack's presence at a particular time and place and can be constructed for a wide variety of geographic areas.
"Over time, as the suppliers figured out how to make crack more easily, the price of crack fell dramatically," says Levitt. "Therefore, an addict could consume much more crack with the same amount of income. The number of people using crack has fallen, but the total amount of crack consumed hasn't fallen nearly as much because each addict is consuming much more."
Another reason adverse social outcomes associated with crack cocaine have fallen is the establishment of property rights. Drug-related violence has declined because now gangs have established their turf.
The authors argue that most of the destructive effects of crack cocaine were because of the prohibition itself, rather than the usage. If crack were legal, the authors argue, there would not have been as much violence.
The United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) classifies cocaine as a Schedule II controlled substance. That means they use of cocaine, including crack use, poses a high risk of abuse and addiction.
The impact that cocaine abuse has on your physical health is serious, but so is the impact this drug has on your mental health. Most clinical studies show high psychiatric comorbidity, especially among crack users. To make crack, cocaine is combined with a substance, usually baking soda, it is then boiled and sold as a solid. This form is highly addictive.In some cases, users seek cocaine to cope with preexisting mental health symptoms. Prolonged use can worsen these symptoms. In other cases, cocaine use causes users to develop mental health issues, including feelings of depression and psychotic episodes. For example, research shows that mood disorders are present in cocaine addicts 10 to 40 percent of the time. Users also often experience cognitive defects.
